Isethulo somkhiqizo:
Ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo iwuhlobo lwepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo, ukusebenza kwalo kuphakeme kakhulu kunepayipi elivamile lensimbi elingenamthungo, ngoba lolu hlobo lwepayipi lensimbi luqukethe ukuqhathanisa kwe-Cr.
Eziningi, ukumelana kwayo nokushisa okuphakeme, ukumelana nokushisa okuphansi, ukusebenza kokumelana nokugqwala akufani nezinye ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo, ngakho-ke ipayipi lengxubevange kuwoyela, imboni yamakhemikhali, amandla kagesi, ubhayela nezinye izimboni zisetshenziswa kabanzi.
Ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo liqukethe izakhi ezifana ne-silicon, i-manganese, i-chromium, i-nickel, i-molybdenum, i-tungsten, i-vanadium, i-titanium, i-niobium, i-zirconium, i-cobalt, i-aluminium, ithusi, i-boron, umhlaba ongavamile njalonjalo.